AnAge entry for Bison bison
Classification (HAGRID: 01904)
- Taxonomy
-
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia (Taxon entry)
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Genus: Bison
- Species
- Bison bison
- Common name
- American bison
- Synonyms
- Bison bison bison, Bos bison, Bison americanus, Bison sylvestris, Bison americanus pennsylvanicus, Bison bison septemtrionalis, Bison bison athabasacae, Bison americanus, Bison bison athabascae
Lifespan, ageing, and relevant traits
- Maximum longevity
- 33.5 years (captivity)
- Source
- ref. 671
- Sample size
- Large
- Data quality
- High
- Observations
These animals have been estimated to live up to 25 years in the wild [0542]. Their maximum potential longevity has been estimated at 40 years [0434], though this has not been verified. Record longevity in captivity belongs to one male that was still alive at 33.5 years of age [0671].
Life history traits (averages)
- Female sexual maturity
- 912 days
- Male sexual maturity
- 912 days
- Gestation
- 274 days
- Weaning
- 259 days
- Litter size
- 1 (viviparous)
- Litters per year
- 1
- Inter-litter interval
- 452 days
- Weight at birth
- 20,000 g
- Weight at weaning
- 158,000 g
- Adult weight
- 630,000 g
- Postnatal growth rate
- Maximum longevity residual
- 88%
Metabolism
- Typical body temperature
- 312ºK or 38.7ºC or 101.7ºF
- Basal metabolic rate
- Not yet available
References
- [1143] Nussey et al. (2013), Senescence in natural populations of animals: widespread evidence and its implications for bio-gerontology (PubMed)
- [0951] Jurado et al. (2008), Irregular tooth wear and longevity in captive wild ruminants: a pilot survey of necropsy reports (PubMed)
- [1142] Kohler et al. (2006), Comparative mortality levels among selected species of captive animals
- [0671] Richard Weigl (2005), Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World
- [0610] Ernest (2003), Life history characteristics of placental non-volant mammals
- [0434] Ronald Nowak (1999), Walker's Mammals of the World
- [0082] Lucini et al. (1998), Ontogeny, postnatal development and ageing of endocrine pancreas in Bubalus bubalis (PubMed)
- [0441] William Burt et al. (1998), A Field Guide to Mammals
- [0455] Virginia Hayssen et al. (1993), Asdell's Patterns of Mammalian Reproduction: A Compendium of Species-Specific Data
- [0542] Bernhard Grzimek (1990), Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals
- [0680] Wootton (1987), The effects of body mass, phylogeny, habitat, and trophic level on mammalian age at first reproduction
- [1058] Meagher (1986), Bison bison
- [0080] Kuck et al. (1982), Total sulfhydryl by raman spectroscopy in the intact lens of several species: variations in the nucleus and along the optical axis during aging (PubMed)
External Resources
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System
- ITIS 180706
- Animal Diversity Web
- ADW account (if available)
- Encyclopaedia of Life
- Search EOL
- NCBI Taxonomy
- Taxonomy ID 9901
- Entrez
- Search all databases
- Ageing Literature
- Search Google Scholar or Search PubMed
- Images
- Google Image search
- Internet
- Search Google